Canada remains one of the world’s top destinations for international students, but the study permit process has become significantly more complex in recent years. This guide covers the current requirements including the Provincial Attestation Letter (PAL), financial thresholds, dual intent, working while studying, and what to do if your application is refused.
The Provincial Attestation Letter (PAL) Requirement
Since January 2024, most study permit applicants must include a Provincial Attestation Letter (PAL) with their application. The PAL is a letter from the province or territory where the designated learning institution (DLI) is located, confirming that the applicant’s enrollment counts toward the province’s study permit allocation. This was introduced as part of Canada’s effort to manage the volume of international students and ensure balanced distribution across the country. Not all programs require a PAL — graduate-level students, primary and secondary school students, and certain other categories are exempt.
Financial Requirements: CAD $20,635
Applicants must demonstrate that they have sufficient funds to support themselves in Canada. The minimum requirement for a single applicant is CAD $20,635 per year in addition to tuition and travel costs. This amount is based on 75% of the Low Income Cut-Off (LICO) for a single person. Proof of funds can include bank statements, a Guaranteed Investment Certificate (GIC), scholarships, or financial support from a parent or sponsor.
Dual Intent: Studying and Immigrating
Canadian immigration law recognizes dual intent — meaning an applicant can genuinely intend to study temporarily while also hoping to eventually become a permanent resident. Officers should not refuse a study permit solely because the applicant has expressed interest in staying in Canada permanently. However, applicants must still demonstrate that they will leave Canada if they do not obtain permanent status. Ties to the home country, career plans, and a logical study-immigration pathway all help establish this.
The Student Direct Stream (SDS)
The Student Direct Stream offers faster processing for applicants from certain countries who meet specific criteria, including a GIC deposit, upfront tuition payment, and qualifying language test scores. SDS applications are typically processed in 20 calendar days. However, eligibility and processing times vary, and the standard stream remains available for all applicants.
Working While Studying
Study permit holders can work up to 20 hours per week during regular academic sessions and full-time during scheduled breaks. Changes to off-campus work rules have been frequent in recent years, so students should verify the current regulations before beginning work. Spouses of study permit holders at qualifying institutions may be eligible for an open work permit.
Responding to a Study Permit Refusal
Study permit refusals are common and can be challenged through judicial review at the Federal Court within 15 or 30 days (depending on whether the decision was made inside or outside Canada). Common refusal reasons include insufficient financial proof, weak ties to the home country, unconvincing study plans, and concerns about the bona fides of the intended program. A well-prepared re-application that addresses the specific refusal reasons is often more practical than judicial review.
If you are planning to study in Canada or have received a study permit refusal, contact BridgePoint Law to discuss your options.
